maandag 24 augustus 2015

Sociology in the sixties, 20 th century and A. Comte, space and matter, planet Earth

A quote.
Only when we are thoroughly aware of the limited scope of every point of view are we on the road to the sought for comprehension of the whole. K. Mannheim.

Text derived from Grondbeginselen der sociologie. Gezichtspunten en begrippen, dr.H. de Jager/ dr. A.L. Mok, 1978, zevende herziene druk. Vertaald naar het Duits, 1972 (Keulen), vertaald naar het Italiaans, 1973 (Rome)

Two words in the quote appear to have similarities in doing Whathappened ( geschiedenis),
1. Comprehension ( now often heard as understanding, to understand)
2. The whole ( to be complete, I blogged earlier on in the blog 90 minutes with Elmer Sterken)

I wonder, is there such a book for doing Whathappened ( geschiedenis)?

The  literature references in the texts are the notes, 904 notes in total.  Two notes on Auguste Comte: A. Comte, Cours de philosophie positive, Parijs, 1830-1842.
D. Cohen, Comtes changing sociology, American Journal of Sociology, with the comment that Comte became more and more conservative in his opinions in his later years

Probably the following notes could contain references to Auguste Comte.

J. en H. Schwendiger, Sociology's founding fathers: sexists to a man, Journal of Marriage and the Family, 33, 1971
E.A. Ross, Foundations of sociology, New York, 1905

Two notes from 1890.
Brief van Engels aan J. Bloch, 21 september 1890
Brief van Engels aan C. Schmidt, 5 augustus 1890

The most remarkable note, according to me bien sur, is: In academische kring werd de term crisessociology in 1884 door Toynbee geïntroduceerd met zijn beroemde lezingen: A. Toynbee, Lectures in the Industrial Revolution of the eighteenth century in England, London, 1884. This note refers to chapter three. Achtergronden bij ontstaan en groei van de sociologie.( Backgrounds of origine and growth of the science sociology). Mmm. And this book is also made with the help of N. Wilterdink, nowadays a prominent researcher in the sociology, professor in the city of Nijmegen. Actually, the first academic book I read about sociology was edited by N. Wilterdink and B. van Heerikhuizen. I read this book Societies, Introduction to sociology, back in 2013.
Is the French language a problem here, or, shortage of time, no
time to read each others books? Do sociology scientist exclude French collegues, like they do with Russian collegues? The funny title of the first paragraph of chapter three is named: Sociology as crisisscience. Who knew that, back in 2007, 2008, or now? Interesting chapter though. It is only five pages.

Well, I want to focus on groups, because of this groupthinking lead, peergroup thinking, as it seems to exist now in science and or society.

There are three definitions given on group:
1. In sociology a more narrow term than in common language use: a unity persons, who, quite frequently and on regular basis interact. This unity has agreed on a common set of values and normative behavior, according to group affairs.
2. (Cooley, primary group):
Specifically the first groups of life, with whom a person get acquainted. More common a small group with members who know each other well, often meet and maintain feeling containing relationships.
3.( secundaire, persuing the definition made by Cooly on primary group): Large, formal group, relationships between the members are more business like, more pragmatic.

Other interesting definitions:

Mores. Normative behavior according to a society or group
Normative. Opinions about how to behave, founded on specific values.
Norms. Collective, more or less binding expectations, concerning how to act and how not to act in specific conditions.
Social. Every human interaction.
Personal identity. The answer someone gives to oneself whilecquestioning: who am I? The self consciousness of a person, thereby discriminating oneself from the others.
Deviant behavior. Individual behavior, not following the common norms.
There is no definition given about diversity in this book.


There are notes from Paris, France
E. Durkheim, les regles de la methode sociologique, Parijs, 1947, p.137
A. Touraine, Sociologie de l'action, Parijs, 1965
A. Negri, La classe ouvriere contre l'etat, Parijs, 1978
E. Durkheim, De la division du travail social, Parijs, 1960 (oorspronkelijk 1893)

Coming back to the mention of the whole.
After one year inventory on the subjects green, architecture and green architecture, six abstract fields could be mentioned, knowing: the linguistic, the organisational, the technical, the spatial, the economical, the political. I added the visual to this row of six. For doing a PhD this was more than enough. To counter this, then there must also be the acoustical,  the chaotical, the genetical, the material and the personal. I really don't know how to counter the economical, probably this is the most neutral? In total there are 12 perspectives on the subjects. What to do now? What about the social? Later......

For a good story, some of the abstract notions are good to be in the front, meaning the others are going to be in the back.
I have chosen the spatial and the material to be in the front, in other words: space and matter, framing planet Earth.


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